![]() So altogether, we have seven clock sources, and these seven clock sources can be used to feed into five different clock tabs on the MSP432, starting off with MCLK, which is the main clock being used to drive CPU as well as possibly BMA operations. Lastly, we have a very low-frequency oscillator that is yet another internal oscillator that can generate around 10 kilohertz clock signal. It can also be divided down to 32 kilohertz. This REFO is an internal oscillator that can generate a 120 kilohertz clock signal. We also have an internal oscillator called REFO. Moving onto the low-frequency clock sources, starting off with a low-frequency crystal that is a typical 32 kilohertz crystal that you can use to run an accurate RTC plug, for example. This is an oscillator that runs at 5 megahertz. For a lower-frequency operation of the internal peripherals, you can also use the SYSOSC. So the 24 megahertz clock source is necessary to run the 1 mega-sample ADC. And the MODOSC is really suitable for internal analog operations such as ADC or flash. Next, the MODOSC is an internal oscillator that can operate up to 24 megahertz. Most DCO and high-frequency crystals can operate up to 48 megahertz. You can also use a high-frequency external crystal to source a high-speed frequency clock. That is an internal and most popular clock source that allows you to generate high-frequencies anywhere from 1 to 48 megahertz. Starting off with the high-frequency clock sources, we have the digitally-controlled oscillator, or DCO. ![]() There are seven total clock sources available on the MSP432P4xx family. There are also many features built into the clock system to ensure robust operations that can be easily reconfigured on the fly, as well as different fail-safe mechanisms that allow you to automatically switch back to internal sources in the event that external sources become unavailable, such as a crystal or oscillator clock. So these two clock groups can be combined to cover a wide range of operating frequency, starting at just 10 kilohertz all the way to 48 megahertz. The clock systems are divided into two domains- one suitable for high-speed, high-performance operations, while the second one is more optimized for alternate power consumption. And you can essentially mix and match clock sources to be used. Both are unique and new to the MSP432P4xx family.įrom a high level, the clock system on MSP432 is highly flexible with a wide array of clock sources and distributions. In this section, we will cover the clock system and the memory system. Welcome to part four of the MSP432 MCU Training Series.
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